# OpenMath Content Dictionary: physical_consts1

Canonical URL:
http://www.openmath.org/cd/physical_consts1.ocd
CD Base:
http://www.openmath.org/cd
CD File:
physical_consts1.ocd
CD as XML Encoded OpenMath:
physical_consts1.omcd
Defines:
Avogadros_constant, Boltzmann_constant, Faradays_constant, Loschmidt_constant, Planck_constant, absolute_zero, gas_constant, gravitational_constant, light_year, magnetic_constant, mole, speed_of_light, zero_Celsius, zero_Fahrenheit
Date:
2005-05-28
Version:
3 (Revision 2)
Review Date:
2017-12-31
Status:
experimental


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This CD defines symbols which represent some elementary physical constants.

## absolute_zero

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the absolute zero of temperature, synonymous with the object of that temperature having zero latent heat.

Signatures:
sts

 [Next: zero_Celsius] [Last: Boltzmann_constant] [Top]

## zero_Celsius

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the zero of the Celsius temperature scale.

Signatures:
sts

 [Next: zero_Fahrenheit] [Previous: absolute_zero] [Top]

## zero_Fahrenheit

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the zero of the Fahrenheit temperature scale.

Signatures:
sts

 [Next: light_year] [Previous: zero_Celsius] [Top]

## light_year

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the distant for which a beam of light would take a year to traverse, in a vacuum.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
one light year is approximately 9221136415095314 metres
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\mathrm{light_year}\approx 9221136415095314\mathrm{metre}$
Signatures:
sts

 [Next: speed_of_light] [Previous: zero_Fahrenheit] [Top]

## speed_of_light

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the speed of light in a vacuum. It is approximately 299792458 metres per second.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The speed of light is approximately 299792458 metres per second
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\mathrm{speed_of_light}\approx 299792458\mathrm{metres_per_second}$
Signatures:
sts

 [Next: Planck_constant] [Previous: light_year] [Top]

## Planck_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the fundamental constant equal to the ratio of the energy of a quantum of energy to its frequency. It is approximately equal to 6.6260755*10^(-34) +/- 4.0*10^(-40) Joule seconds.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The Planck constant is 6.6260755*10^(-34) +/- 4.0*10^(-40) Joule seconds this is equivalent to There exists P s.t. 6.626075... -4.0... < P and 6.626075... +4.0... > P and Planck constant = P*Joule*second
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\exists P.\left(6.6260755×{10}^{-34}-4.0×{10}^{-40}\right)P\wedge \mathrm{Planck_constant}=P\mathrm{Joule}\mathrm{second}$
Signatures:
sts

 [Next: mole] [Previous: speed_of_light] [Top]

## mole

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the number of atoms in one gramme of carbon(12).

Signatures:
sts

 [Next: gravitational_constant] [Previous: Planck_constant] [Top]

## gravitational_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the constant of proportionality in Newtons law of universal gravitation which states; Two bodies attract each other with equal and opposite forces; the magnitude of this force is proportional to the product of the two masses and is also proportional to the inverse square of the distance between the centers of mass of the two bodies. It is approximately equal to: 6.672*10^(-11) Newton square metres per kilogramme squared.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The gravitational constant is approximately 6.672*10^(-11) Newton square metres per kilogramme squared
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\mathrm{gravitational_constant}\approx 6.672×{10}^{-11}\mathrm{Newton}\frac{\mathrm{metre_sqrd}}{{\left(1000\mathrm{gramme}\right)}^{2}}$
Signatures:
sts

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the number of atoms in 12 grammes of pure carbon(12). It is approximately 6.0221367*10^(23) +/- 3.6*10^(17).

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
Avogadros constant is 6.0221367*10^(23) +/- 3.6*10^(17).
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\left(6.0221367×{10}^{23}-3.6×{10}^{17}\right)<\mathrm{Avogadros_constant}\wedge \left(6.0221367×{10}^{23}+3.6×{10}^{17}\right)>\mathrm{Avogadros_constant}$
Signatures:
sts

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the electric charge carried by one mole of electrons. It is approximately 96485.309 +/- 0.029 Coulombs per mole.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
Faradays constant is 96485.309 +/- 0.029 Coulombs per mole.
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\exists F.\left(96485.309-0.029\right)F\wedge \mathrm{Faradays_constant}=F\mathrm{Coulomb}$
Signatures:
sts

## gas_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the constant which is equal to the ratio of the pressure times the volume and the temperature of an ideal gas. It is approximately 8.31451 +/- 7.0*10^(-05) Joules per mole per Kelvin.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The gas constant is 8.31451 +/- 7.0*10^(-05) Joules per mole per Kelvin.
Signatures:
sts

## Loschmidt_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the number of particles per unit volume of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure. It is approximately 2.686763 * 10^(25) +/- 2.3 * 10^(20) per metre cubed.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The Loschmidt constant is 2.686763 * 10^(25) +/- 2.3 * 10^(20) per metre cubed.
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\exists L.\left(2.686763×{10}^{25}-2.3×{10}^{20}\right)L\wedge \mathrm{Loschmidt_constant}=\frac{L}{{\mathrm{metre}}^{3}}$
Signatures:
sts

 [Next: magnetic_constant] [Previous: gas_constant] [Top]

## magnetic_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

This symbol represents the ratio of the magnetic flux density in a substance to the external field strength for vacuum. It is equal to 4 pi x 10^(-7) H/m.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The magnetic constant is equal to 4 pi x 10^(-7) H/m.
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\mathrm{magnetic_constant}=\pi 4×{10}^{-7}\frac{H}{\mathrm{metre}}$
Signatures:
sts

 [Next: Boltzmann_constant] [Previous: Loschmidt_constant] [Top]

## Boltzmann_constant

Role:
constant
Description:

A constant which describes the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy for molecules in an ideal gas. It is approximately 1.380658*10^(-23) +/- 1.2*10^(-28) Joules per Kelvin.

Commented Mathematical property (CMP):
The Boltzmann constant is equal to 1.380658*10^(-23) +/- 1.2*10^(-28) Joules per Kelvin.
Formal Mathematical property (FMP):
$\exists B.\left(1.380658×{10}^{-23}-1.2×{10}^{-28}\right)B\wedge \mathrm{Boltzmann_constant}=B\frac{\mathrm{Joules}}{\mathrm{degree_Kelvin}}$
Signatures:
sts

 [First: absolute_zero] [Previous: magnetic_constant] [Top]